ວິກິພີເດຍ

ຮິໂບລາ (Hezbollah)

  

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ສ້າງຕັ້ງ 1985; 39 ປີທີ່ແລ້ວ (1985) (official)
ສຳນັກງານໃຫຍ່ Beirut, ເລບານອນ
ແນວຄິດ
ສາດສະໜາ Shia Islam
ກຸ່ມລະດັບຊາດ March 8 Alliance
ກຸ່ມລະດັບສາກົນ Axis of Resistance
ເວັບໄຊຕ໌ www.moqawama.org.lb

ຮິໂບລາ, ຮິຊບອລເລາະ (Hezbollah) ( /ˌ h ɛ z b ə ˈ l ɑː / ; ອາຣັບ: حزب الله , ແປວ່າ Party of God ) [lower-alpha 1] ເປັນ​ພັກການເມືອງ ແລະ ກຸ່ມປະກອບອາວຸດ Shia Islamist ເລ​ບາ​ນອນ​ແລະ​​. [18] ປີກດ້ານການທະຫານຂອງມັນ, ສະພາ Jihad, ບັນຊາການກໍາລັງປະກອບອາວຸດມີອໍານາດຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນເລບານອນ. ມັນ​ມີ​ການ​ສະ​ຫນັບ​ສະ​ຫນູນ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ການ​ເງິນ​ແລະ​ການ​ທະ​ຫານ​ຢ່າງ​ກວ້າງ​ຂວາງ​ຈາກ ​ອີ​ຣ່ານ [19] [20] [21] ແລະ​ເປັນ​ສະ​ມາ​ຊິກ​ຊັ້ນ​ນໍາ​ຂອງ " ຝ່າຍການ​ຕໍ່​ຕ້ານ ​"​. [22] ກຸ່ມ​ດັ່ງກ່າວ​ແມ່ນ​ຜູ້​ມີ​ບົດບາດ​ສຳຄັນ​ໃນ​ລະບົບ​ການ​ເມືອງ​ຂອງ​ເລ​ບາ​ນອນ, ​ແລະ​ຝ່າຍ​ການ​ເມືອງ​ຂອງ​ຕົນ, ການຈົງ​ຮັກ​ພັກດີ​ຕໍ່​ພັກ Resistance Bloc, ຍາດ​ໄດ້ 15 ທີ່​ນັ່ງ​ໃນ ​ລັດຖະສະພາ​ເລ​ບາ​ນອນ . ອົງການ​ທັງ​ໝົດ, ຫຼື​ປີກດ້ານການ​ທະຫານ​ຂອງ​ຕົນໂດຍລຳພັງ, ​ໄດ້​ຖືກ​ກຳນົດ​ໃຫ້​ເປັນ ​ກຸ່ມ​ກໍ່​ການ​ຮ້າຍ [23] ໂດຍຫລາຍ​ປະ​ເທດ, ​ເຊິ່ງລວມທັງ​ປະ​ເທດ​ຕາ​ເວັນ​ຕົກ​ສ່ວນ​ໃຫຍ່. [24]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 ແມ່ແບບ:Cite report
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Dalacoura, Katerina (2012). "Islamist Terrorism and National Liberation: Hamas and Hizbullah". Islamist Terrorism and Democracy in the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 66–96. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977367.004. ISBN 978-0-511-97736-7. LCCN 2010047275. S2CID 150958046.
  3. ↑ Stepanova, Ekaterina (2008). Terrorism in Asymmetrical Conflict: Ideological and Structural Aspects (PDF). Oxford University Press. p. 113. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-10.
  4. ↑ Joshua L. Gleis; Benedetta Berti (2012). Hezbollah and Hamas: A Comparative Study. JHU Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-0671-8.
  5. ↑ "Hezbollah, the Lebanese Sectarian State, and Sectarianism". Middle East Institute. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  6. ↑ Bassel F, Salloukh (2015). "The Sectarian Image Reversed: The Role of Geopolitics in Hezbollah's Domestic Politics". Middle East Political Pcience.
  7. ↑ "Hezbollah and the Lebanese Popular Movement".
  8. ↑ Salamey, Imad; Pearson, Frederic (2007). "Hezbollah: A Proletarian Party with an Islamic Manifesto – A Sociopolitical Analysis of Islamist Populism in Lebanon and the Middle East". Small Wars & Insurgencies. 18 (3): 416–438. doi:10.1080/09592310701674358. ISSN 0959-2318. S2CID 143896155.
  9. ↑ Elie Alagha, Joseph (2011). Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 15, 20. ISBN 978-90-8555-037-2.
    Shehata, Samer (2012). Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. Routledge. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-415-78361-3.
  10. ↑ Husseinia, Rola El (2010). "Hezbollah and the Axis of Refusal: Hamas, Iran and Syria". Third World Quarterly. 31 (5): 803–815. doi:10.1080/01436597.2010.502695. S2CID 219628295.
  11. ↑ Levitt, Matthew (2013). Hezbollah: The Global Footprint of Lebanon's Party of God. Hurst Publishers. p. 356. ISBN 978-1-84904-333-5. Hezbollah's anti-Western militancy began with attacks against Western targets in Lebanon, then expanded to attacks abroad intended to exact revenge for actions threatening its or Iran's interests, or to press foreign governments to release captured operatives.
  12. ↑ Hanhimäki, Jussi M.; Blumenau, Bernhard (2013). An International History of Terrorism: Western and Non-Western Experiences. Routledge. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-415-63540-0. Based upon these beliefs, Hezbollah became vehemently anti-West and anti-Israel.
  13. ↑ Siegel, Larry J. (2012). Criminology: Theories, Patterns & Typology. Cengage Learning. p. 396. ISBN 978-1-133-04964-7. Hezbollah is anti-West and anti-Israel and has engaged in a series of terrorist actions including kidnappings, car bombings, and airline hijackings.
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named bbc-hi-me
  15. ↑ Carvajal, Doreen (December 14, 2004). "French Court Orders a Ban on Hezbollah-Run TV Channel". The New York Times. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  16. ↑ Saad-Ghorayeb 2002, pp. 168–86.
  17. ↑ "Hezbollah chief in new attack on same-sex relations". France 24. 29 July 2023.
  18. ↑ Farida 2019.
  19. ↑ "What is Hezbollah, the group battling Israel in Lebanon?". {{cite web}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help); |archive-url= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  20. ↑ "What is Hezbollah? Lebanon's militant group has long been one of Israel's biggest foes". {{cite web}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help); |archive-url= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  21. ↑ "What you need to know about Hezbollah – DW – 07/28/2024". {{cite web}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help); |archive-url= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  22. ↑ "Facing a Big Test, Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' Flails", 30 September 2024
  23. ↑ "European Union Adds Military Wing of Hezbollah to List of Terrorist Organizations", 22 July 2013
  24. ↑ "What the Lebanese People Really Think of Hezbollah", 2024-07-12 (in en-US)


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