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* [[Wave of democracy|Third wave of democracy]]|coordinates=[[Tiananmen Square]] {{coord|39|54|12|N|116|23|30|E|type:landmark_region:CN-11|display=it}}|place=Beijing and 400 cities nationwide|date={{start date|1989|4|15}} – {{end date and age|1989|6|4|br=yes}}<br>({{age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=4|day1=15|year1=1989|month2=6|day2=4|year2=1989}})|caption=Tiananmen Square in May 1988|image_size=300px<!-- Do not add the tank man photo here, it is a violation of Wikipedia's copyright policies. See the photo's own page for details. -->|timezone=}}ການ '''ປະທ້ວງທີ່ຈະຕຸລັດ Tiananmen''', ທີ່ຮູ້ກັນໃນປະເທດຈີນວ່າເປັນ '''ເຫດການວັນທີສີ່ເດືອນມິຖຸນາ''' ( ({{zh|s=六四事件|p=liùsì shìjiàn}}) ແມ່ນການປະທ້ວງທີ່ນຳໂດຍນັກສຶກສາ ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນທີ່ ຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ ຫລື Tiananmen Square, ນະຄອນປັກກິ່ງໃນໄລຍະປີ 1989. ໃນສິ່ງທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການສັງຫານໝູ່ທີ່ຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ ( ({{zh|s=天安门大屠杀|p=Tiān'ānmén dà túshā}}) ), ກອງ ກຳ ລັງ ທະຫານຕິດອາວຸດທີ່ມີ ປືນໂຈມຕີ ແລະພ້ອມດ້ວຍ ລົດຖັງ ຍິງໃສ່ຜູ້ປະທ້ວງແລະຜູ້ທີ່ພະຍາຍາມກີດຂວາງການເຄື່ອນຕົວ ຂອງທະຫານເຂົ້າໄປໃນ Tiananmen Square. ການປະທ້ວງໄດ້ເລີ້ມຂື້ນໃນວັນທີ 15 ເດືອນເມສາແລະຖືກປາບປາມໃນວັນທີ 4 ມິຖຸນາເວລາລັດຖະບານປະກາດໃຊ້ ກົດອາຍະການເສິກ ແລະສົ່ງ ກອງທັບປົດປ່ອຍປະຊາຊົນ ໄປຢຶດເອົາພາກສ່ວນຕ່າງໆໃນໃຈກາງຂອງປັກກິ່ງ. ການຄາດຄະເນຈຳນວນຜູ້ເສຍຊີວິດແມ່ນແຕກຕ່າງກັນໄປຈາກຫລາຍໆຮ້ອຍຄົນຫາຫລາຍພັນຄົນ, ແລະອີກຫລາຍພັນຄົນໄດ້ຮັບບາດເຈັບ. {{Sfn|How Many Died|1990}} {{Sfn|''Sino-American relations''|1991}} {{Sfn|Brook|1998}} {{Sfn|Kristof: Reassessing Casualties}} {{Sfn|Richelson|Evans|1999}} {{Sfn|Calls for Justice|2004}} ການເຄື່ອນໄຫວລະດັບຊາດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບແຮງບັນດານໃຈຈາກການປະທ້ວງຂອງຊາວປັກກິ່ງບາງຄັ້ງກໍ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການ '''ເຄື່ອນໄຫວປະຊາທິປະໄຕ '89''' ({{zh|s=八九民运|p=Bājiǔ mínyùn}}) ຫລື ເຫດການຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ({{zh|s=天安门事件|p=Tiān'ānmén shìjiàn}}). ▼{{Infobox civil conflict|partof=[[Chinese democracy movement]] in 1989, [[Revolutions of 1989]] and the [[Cold War]]|concessions=|time=|map_caption=|map_type=|fatalities=No precise figures exist, estimates vary from hundreds to several thousands (see [[#Death toll|death toll section]])|leadfigures2='''Student leaders:'''
* [[Wang Dan (dissident)|Wang Dan]]
* [[Wu'erkaixi]]
* [[Chai Ling]]
* [[Shen Tong]]
* [[Liu Gang]]
* [[Feng Congde]]
* [[Li Lu]]
* [[Wang Youcai]]
'''Intellectuals:'''
* [[Liu Xiaobo]]
* [[Wang Juntao]]
* [[Dai Qing]]
* [[Hou Dejian]]
* [[Cui Jian]]
* [[Zhang Boli]]
* [[Chen Mingyuan]]|leadfigures1={{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} '''[[Deng Xiaoping]]'''<br />([[Chairman of the Central Military Commission|CMC chairman]])<br>
'''Hardliners:'''
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Li Peng]]<br />([[Premier of the People's Republic of China|Premier]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Chen Yun]]<br />([[Central Advisory Commission|CAC chairman]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Yang Shangkun]]<br />([[President of the People's Republic of China|President]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}}[[Li Xiannian]]<br />(former [[President of the People's Republic of China|President]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Qiao Shi]]<br />([[Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection|CCDI Secretary]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Yao Yilin]]<br />([[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China|Vice Premier]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} <br />([[Politics of Beijing|Party Committee secretary of Beijing]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} <br />([[Politics of Beijing|Mayor of Beijing]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} <br />([[People's Liberation Army General Staff Department|Head of the People's Liberation Army GSD]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} <br />([[Central Military Commission (China)|Deputy secretary-general of the CMC]])
'''Moderates:'''
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Zhao Ziyang]]<br />([[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China|General Secretary]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Hu Qili]]<br />([[Secretariat of the Communist Party of China|Secretariat member]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Wan Li]]<br />([[Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress|Congress chairman]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Bao Tong]]<br />(Zhao Ziyang's staff)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Yan Mingfu]]<br />(Head of the [[United Front Work Department]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Xi Zhongxun]]<br />([[Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress|Congress Vice-chairman]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Xu Qinxian]]<br />(Commander of the [[82nd Group Army|38th Group Army]])|side2=* [[Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation]]
* [[Beijing Workers' Autonomous Federation]]
* University students
* Factory workers
* Beijing residents
* Pro-democracy protesters
* Reformists
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Republic of China]] loyalists{{sfn|Bernstein |1989a}}|side1={{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]
* [[Government of China]]
* [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Council]]
* {{nowrap|[[People's Liberation Army]]}}
* {{nowrap|[[People's Armed Police]]}}|result=* Enforcement of martial law declared by [[List of premiers of China|Premier]] [[Li Peng]] in certain areas of Beijing executed by force from June 3, 1989 (declared from {{start date|1989|5|20}} – {{end date|1990|1|10}}, {{age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=5|day1=20|year1=1989|month2=1|day2=10|year2=1990}})
* Civilians – including bystanders, protesters (mainly workers), and rioters barricading the [[People's Liberation Army]] (PLA) troops – shot by the PLA at multiple sites in Beijing
* Hundreds to thousands killed, thousands wounded inside and outside Tiananmen Square
* Several soldiers killed, thousands wounded by rioters on June 3 to 4 after civilians were killed on June 3
* [[1989 Chinese protests by region|More protests]] across China in reaction to the crackdown
* Protest leaders and pro-democracy activists later exiled or imprisoned
* Rioters charged with violent crimes were executed in the following months
* [[Zhao Ziyang]] purged from [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China|General Secretary]] and [[Politburo of the Communist Party of China|Politburo]]
* [[Jiang Zemin]], previously Party Secretary of Shanghai, promoted to General Secretary and [[paramount leader]] by [[Deng Xiaoping]]
* Western economic sanctions and arms embargoes on the People's Republic of China
* [[Operation Yellowbird]] started
* Market reforms delayed
* Media control tightened
* Freedom of speech restricted
* [[History of the People's Republic of China#Political reforms|Political reforms]] halted|image=Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China 1988 (1).jpg|status=|methods=[[Hunger strike]], [[sit-in]], [[Occupation (protest)|occupation]] of public square|goals=End of corruption within the [[Communist Party of China|Communist Party]], democratic reforms, [[freedom of the press]], [[freedom of speech]], [[freedom of association]], democratic input on economic reforms|causes=* Death of [[Hu Yaobang]]
* [[Chinese economic reform|Economic reform]]
* Inflation
* [[Corruption in China|Political corruption]]
* [[Nepotism]]
▲* [[Wave of democracy|Third wave of democracy]]|coordinates=[[Tiananmen Square]] {{coord|39|54|12|N|116|23|30|E|type:landmark_region:CN-11|display=it}}|place=Beijing and 400 cities nationwide|date={{start date|1989|4|15}} – {{end date and age|1989|6|4|br=yes}}<br>({{age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=4|day1=15|year1=1989|month2=6|day2=4|year2=1989}})|caption=Tiananmen Square in May 1988|image_size=300px<!-- Do not add the tank man photo here, it is a violation of Wikipedia's copyright policies. See the photo's own page for details. -->|timezone=}}ການ '''ປະທ້ວງທີ່ຈະຕຸລັດ Tiananmen''', ທີ່ຮູ້ກັນໃນປະເທດຈີນວ່າເປັນ '''ເຫດການວັນທີສີ່ເດືອນມິຖຸນາ''' ( ({{zh|s=六四事件|p=liùsì shìjiàn}}) ແມ່ນການປະທ້ວງທີ່ນຳໂດຍນັກສຶກສາ ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນທີ່ ຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ ຫລື Tiananmen Square, ນະຄອນປັກກິ່ງໃນໄລຍະປີ 1989. ໃນສິ່ງທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການສັງຫານໝູ່ທີ່ຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ ( ({{zh|s=天安门大屠杀|p=Tiān'ānmén dà túshā}}) ), ກອງ ກຳ ລັງ ທະຫານຕິດອາວຸດທີ່ມີ ປືນໂຈມຕີ ແລະພ້ອມດ້ວຍ ລົດຖັງ ຍິງໃສ່ຜູ້ປະທ້ວງແລະຜູ້ທີ່ພະຍາຍາມກີດຂວາງການເຄື່ອນຕົວ ຂອງທະຫານເຂົ້າໄປໃນ Tiananmen Square. ການປະທ້ວງໄດ້ເລີ້ມຂື້ນໃນວັນທີ 15 ເດືອນເມສາແລະຖືກປາບປາມໃນວັນທີ 4 ມິຖຸນາເວລາລັດຖະບານປະກາດໃຊ້ ກົດອາຍະການເສິກ ແລະສົ່ງ ກອງທັບປົດປ່ອຍປະຊາຊົນ ໄປຢຶດເອົາພາກສ່ວນຕ່າງໆໃນໃຈກາງຂອງປັກກິ່ງ. ການຄາດຄະເນຈຳນວນຜູ້ເສຍຊີວິດແມ່ນແຕກຕ່າງກັນໄປຈາກຫລາຍໆຮ້ອຍຄົນຫາຫລາຍພັນຄົນ, ແລະອີກຫລາຍພັນຄົນໄດ້ຮັບບາດເຈັບ. {{Sfn|How Many Died|1990}} {{Sfn|''Sino-American relations''|1991}} {{Sfn|Brook|1998}} {{Sfn|Kristof: Reassessing Casualties}} {{Sfn|Richelson|Evans|1999}} {{Sfn|Calls for Justice|2004}} ການເຄື່ອນໄຫວລະດັບຊາດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບແຮງບັນດານໃຈຈາກການປະທ້ວງຂອງຊາວປັກກິ່ງບາງຄັ້ງກໍ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການ '''ເຄື່ອນໄຫວປະຊາທິປະໄຕ '89''' ({{zh|s=八九民运|p=Bājiǔ mínyùn}}) ຫລື ເຫດການຈະຕຸລັດທຽນອານເມັນ({{zh|s=天安门事件|p=Tiān'ānmén shìjiàn}}).
ການປະທ້ວງໄດ້ຖືກກະຕຸ້ນຍ້ອນການເສຍຊີວິດຂອງເລຂາທິການໃຫຍ່ພັກຄອມມິວນິດທີ່ສະໜັບສະໜູນການປະຕິຮູບ Hu Yaobang ໃນເດືອນເມສາປີ 1989 ທ່າມກາງສະພາບແວດລ້ອມດ້ານການພັດທະນາເສດຖະກິດຢ່າງຟ້າວກະໂດດແລະການປ່ຽນແປງທາງສັງຄົມໃນປະເທດຈີນຫລັງປະທານເຫມົາ, ເຊິ່ງສະທ້ອນເຖິງຄວາມວິຕົກກັງວົນຂອງປະຊາຊົນແລະຜູ້ມີ ອຳນາດທາງການເມືອງກ່ຽວກັບອະນາຄົດຂອງປະເທດ. ການ ປະຕິຮູບໃນຊຸມປີ 1980 ໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ [[ເສດຖະກິດຕະຫຼາດ|ເສດຖະກິດການຕະຫຼາດ]]ເລີ່ມກໍ່ຕົວ ເຊິ່ງບາງກຸ່ມຄົນໄດ້ຮັບຜົນປະໂຫຍດ ແຕ່ມີຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ຄົນອື່ນໆຢ່າງຮ້າຍແຮງ, ແລະລະບົບການເມືອງພັກດຽວຍັງປະເຊີນກັບສິ່ງທ້າທາຍຕໍ່ຄວາມຖືກຕ້ອງຊອບທຳຂອງມັນ. ຄວາມບໍ່ພໍໃຈທົ່ວໄປໃນເວລານັ້ນປະກອບມີອັດຕາເງິນເຟີ້, ການສໍ້ລາດບັງຫຼວງ, ການກະກຽມສຳລັບນັກຮຽນທີ່ຈົບການສຶກສາຈຳກັດ ສຳລັບເສດຖະກິດ ໃໝ່, {{Sfn|Brook|1998}} ແລະຂໍ້ ຈຳກັດໃນການເຂົ້າຮ່ວມທາງການເມືອງ. ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າພວກເຂົາຂາດການຈັດຕັ້ງທີ່ສຳຄັນ ແລະ ເປົ້າ ໝາຍ ຂອງພວກເຂົາແຕກຕ່າງກັນ, ແຕ່ນັກສຶກສາໄດ້ຮຽກຮ້ອງໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຮັບຜິດຊອບສູງຂຶ້ນ, ຂັ້ນຕອນທາງລັດຖະ ທຳ ມະນູນ, ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ, ເສລີພາບໃນການລາຍງານຂ່າວ, ແລະ [[ເສລີພາບໃນການເວົ້າ|ເສລີພາບໃນການປາກເວົ້າ]] . {{Sfn|Lim|2014a}} {{Sfn|Nathan|2001}} ໃນລະດັບທີ່ສູງສຸດຂອງການປະທ້ວງ, ປະມານຫນຶ່ງ ລ້ານຄົນເຕົ້າໂຮມກັນຢູ່ຈະຕຸລັດ. {{Sfn|D. Zhao|2001}}{{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ພາສາຈີນ}}
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